Slavyansk’s grave reveals Ukraine’s wounds
In the centre of Slavyansk, near the old Jewish cemetery, an excavator digs a huge hole six-feet deep as a crowd looks on, waiting for the earth to yield its gruesome secret.
Police are exhuming the bodies of 14 people – 13 men and 1 woman – thought to be victims of the pro-Russian rebels who occupied the city for nearly three months. The site is one of a number of mass graves dotted in and around Slavyansk, a town of 140,000 souls that was until recently the militants’ main stronghold and a focal point of the war in eastern
Ukraine.
Since rebel forces left Slavyansk earlier this month, normal life has gradually returned. Water, gas and electricity are being restored, and residents who fled the daily bombardments are coming home.
But the mass grave, and the victims within, suggest the war’s dark legacy will long endure in this nondescript industrial town, where the population has been left dumbfounded by the violence.
Anton Gerashchenko, an adviser to Ukraine’s interior minister, came from Kiev to watch the bodies being exhumed. Speaking to reporters, he placed the blame for Slavyansk’s strife firmly on the shoulders of Russian President Vladimir Putin.
“The people buried here are victims of Putin’s terrorism,” he said. “If he hadn’t armed these rebels, and filled their heads with hatred and propaganda, they wouldn’t have killed anyone.”
The bodies have not been identified. Authorities say four of them were congregants of a small Protestant church in Slavyansk, abducted by militants after a Sunday morning service on June 8. Police say they were falsely accused of helping the Ukrainian army and shot the following day.
Human rights groups have accused the rebels of systematically kidnapping, beating up and sometimes torturing activists and residents suspected of supporting Kiev. Some are believed to have been summarily executed.
The four Protestant men’s bodies ended up in the city morgue. But with Slavyansk’s electricity supply knocked out by shelling, and the morgue’s refrigeration system broken down, they were later taken out and buried in an unmarked grave near the town’s Jewish cemetery, say authorities.
On Thursday, the site was covered with wreaths made out of red and yellow roses, and large photographs of the four dead men – two of whom were sons of the local Protestant pastor. A relative, Nikolai Dombrovsky, stood by, watching the excavation work. “The people who did this were drug addicts, people who never worked, who were full of envy,” he said. “They are animals.”
Slavyansk is now a city of deep divisions. Though many residents have welcomed the return of Ukrainian rule, others nurture a deep mistrust of Kiev. The resentment that prompted some to take up arms has not gone away.
Many rebel leaders, including
Igor Girkin, known as Strelkov, the self-styled defence minister of the Donetsk People’s Republic, are Russian. But many of the rank-and-file were local people. Some have disappeared, others simply took off their military garb and melted into the civilian population.
“I know one man who used to stand on the barricades – he’s now selling fish in the market,” says Vitaly Kiashko, Slavyansk council’s chief architect.
Some are eager to settle scores. Boxes have appeared in public places for local people to drop anonymous denunciations of suspected rebels.
Meanwhile, the city’s institutions are being systematically purged of rebel sympathisers. An investigative commission from Kiev is subjecting all Slavyansk’s policemen to a lie-detector test, to establish whether they collaborated with the militants.
Igor Rybalchenko, Slavyansk’s acting chief of police, said the eight policemen who openly sided with the separatists have disappeared. But there may well be others. “Some of them will be fired, some will be prosecuted,” he says.
As law and order is re-established, the full extent of the anarchy that prevailed when Slavyansk was under rebel rule is becoming clear. Mr Rybalchenko’s force is receiving 70-90 statements a day from victims of crime. “It’s mainly robbery, theft, stolen cars, and damage to property during the shelling,” he says.
Mr Kiashko, the architect, says all those fought and killed for the rebel cause must go to prison. “Even those who praised President Putin and gave out leaflets supporting independence for Donetsk should be punished,” he says.
“They should be given a shovel, a broom and a wheelbarrow,” he says, “and told to clear up the mess they made.”
http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/186efe6c-13e7-11e4-b46f-00144feabdc0.html